: 95–96 In the science fiction anthology Far Boundaries (1951), editor August Derleth claims that an early short story about time travel is An Anachronism or, Missing One's Coach, written for the Dublin Literary Magazine by an anonymous author in the June 1838 issue. : 85 Madden does not explain how the angel obtains these documents, but Alkon asserts that Madden "deserves recognition as the first to toy with the rich idea of time-travel in the form of an artifact sent backward from the future to be discovered in the present". : 95–96 Because the narrator receives these letters from his guardian angel, Paul Alkon suggests in his book Origins of Futuristic Fiction that "the first time-traveler in English literature is a guardian angel". Samuel Madden's Memoirs of the Twentieth Century (1733) is a series of letters from British ambassadors in 19 to diplomats in the past, conveying the political and religious conditions of the future. However, the time travel takes place inside an illusory dream world created by the villain to entrap and distract him. The protagonist Sun Wukong travels back in time to the "World of the Ancients" ( Qin dynasty) to retrieve a magical bell and then travels forward to the "World of the Future" ( Song dynasty) to find an emperor who has been exiled in time. 1640) by Dong Yue features magical mirrors and jade gateways that connect various points in time. The Chinese novel Supplement to the Journey to the West ( c. The earliest work about backwards time travel is uncertain. Prolonged sleep, like the later more familiar time machine, is used as a means of time travel in these stories. Among them L'An 2440, rêve s'il en fût jamais ( The Year 2440: A Dream If Ever There Was One, 1770) by Louis-Sébastien Mercier, Rip Van Winkle (1819) by Washington Irving, Looking Backward (1888) by Edward Bellamy, and When the Sleeper Awakes (1899) by H. Shift to science fictionĮarly science fiction stories feature characters who sleep for years and awaken in a changed society, or are transported to the past through supernatural means. When waking up he returned home but found none of the people he knew, and no one believed his claims of who he was. In Jewish tradition, the 1st-century BC scholar Honi ha-M'agel is said to have fallen asleep and slept for seventy years. After three days, he returns home to his village and finds himself 300 years in the future, where he has been forgotten, his house is in ruins, and his family has died. The Japanese tale of " Urashima Tarō", first described in the Manyoshu tells of a young fisherman named Urashima-no-ko (浦嶋子) who visits an undersea palace. The Payasi Sutta tells of one of the Buddha's chief disciples, Kumara Kassapa, who explains to the skeptic Payasi that time in the Heavens passes differently than on Earth. The Buddhist Pāli Canon mentions the relativity of time. In Hindu mythology, the Vishnu Purana mentions the story of King Raivata Kakudmi, who travels to heaven to meet the creator Brahma and is surprised to learn when he returns to Earth that many ages have passed. Some ancient myths depict a character skipping forward in time. History of the concept Statue of Rip Van Winkle in Irvington, New York Traveling to an arbitrary point in spacetime has very limited support in theoretical physics, and is usually connected only with quantum mechanics or wormholes. As for backward time travel, it is possible to find solutions in general relativity that allow for it, such as a rotating black hole. However, making one body advance or delay more than a few milliseconds compared to another body is not feasible with current technology. Forward time travel, outside the usual sense of the perception of time, is an extensively observed phenomenon and well-understood within the framework of special relativity and general relativity. It is uncertain if time travel to the past is physically possible, and such travel, if at all feasible, may give rise to questions of causality. The idea of a time machine was popularized by H. In fiction, time travel is typically achieved through the use of a hypothetical device known as a time machine. Time travel is a widely recognized concept in philosophy and fiction, particularly science fiction. Time travel is the hypothetical activity of traveling into the past or future. The first page of The Time Machine published by Heinemann For other uses, see Time travel (disambiguation).
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